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Competition Between ColonizersĪt the time of the Scramble for Africa, major world powers like Great Britain, France, and Spain were competing for power on the European stage. Much like the adventurers who had traveled to Asia and North America, many European explorers set out to determine the physical makeup of the African continent. Prior to the wave of European colonization, the geography of Africa was generally misunderstood. European powers noticed that many of these raw materials happened to be abundant in Africa. However, in order to accomplish these advancements, they needed a source of constant raw material supply. The 19th century was home to the industrial revolution, a time when many European nations were flourishing in the technology sector of the time. There were several different reasons why European colonizers set their sights on the African continent Some of the most prominent ones are outlined below: Search for Riches

By 1900, when the force of the quick colonization was over, the majority of the land in Africa was divided up amongst seven different European colonizing nations: Britain, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Italy, and Portugal. To a smaller extent, Germany and Italy had, too. Prior to this time, world superpowers such as Portugal, France, and Britain had already set up colonies in Africa. In the years 18, the Berlin Conference formalized European colonization of Africa. Why Did European Countries Want to Colonize Africa? At the height of colonization, only three sections of the continent had been untouched by European settlers: In fact, European countries competed with one another to see who could attain the most power and growth. During a period lasting from 1881 to 1914 in what was known as the Scramble for Africa, several European nations took control over areas of the African continent.Įuropean colonizers were able to attain control over much of Africa through diplomatic pressure, aggressive enticement, and military invasions. Colonialism in Africa A map, published in Portugal in 1623, showing a representation of Africa as understood by colonizers.Ĭolonialism is the act by which a country or state exerts control and domination over another country or state.